CBSE Class 11th Biology Syllabus
( 2021 – 2022 )
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Class 11 Biology Chapters List (2022 Update/ New Syllabus)
UNIT I DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD
Chapter 1: The Living World
Chapter 2: Biological Classification
Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom
Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom
UNIT II STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants
Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals
UNIT III CELL: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS
Chapter 8 : Cell: The Unit of Life
Chapter 9: Biomolecules
Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division
UNIT IV PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Chapter 11: Transport in Plants
Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition
Chapter 13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants
Chapter 15: Plant Growth and Development
UNIT V HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption
Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases
Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation
Chapter 19: Excretory Products and their Elimination
Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement
Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination
Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration
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Class 11 Biology Chapters List (Pre-2020/ Old Syllabus)
Disclaimer: The following topics are from the pre-2020 syllabus (as per NCERT official website).
Unit-I Diversity of Living Organisms
Chapter-1: The Living World
1.1 What is living?
1.2 Biodiversity
1.3 Need for classification
1.4 Three domains of life
1.5 Taxonomy and systematics
1.6 Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy
1.7 Binomial nomenclature
1.8 Tools for study of taxonomy
1.8.1 Museums
1.8.2 Zoological parks
1.8.3 Herbaria
1.8.4 Botanical gardens
1.8.5 Keys for identification.
Chapter-2: Biological Classification
2.1 Five kingdom classification
2.2 Salient features and classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi
into major groups
2.3 Lichens
2.4 Viruses
2.5 Viroids
Chapter-3: Plant Kingdom
3.1 Salient features and classification of plants into major groups
3.1.1 Algae
3.1.2 Bryophyta
3.1.3 Pteridophyta
3.1.4 Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
3.2 Angiosperms – classification up to class, characteristic features and examples
Chapter-4: Animal Kingdom
4.1 Salient features and classification of animals
4.1.1 Non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates up to class level
Unit-II Structural Organization in Animals and Plants
Chapter-5: Morphology of Flowering Plants
5.1 Morphology and modifications: Morphology of different parts of flowering plants: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed.
5.2 Description of families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae
Chapter-6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants
6.1 Anatomy and functions of different tissues and tissue systems in dicots and monocots.
6.2 Secondary growth
Chapter-7: Structural Organisation in Animals
7.1 Animal tissues
7.2 Morphology, Anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect-cockroach
Unit-III Cell: Structure and Function
Chapter-8: Cell-The Unit of Life
8.1 Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life
8.1.1 Structure of prokaryotic cells
8.1.2 Structure of eukaryotic cells
8.2 Plant cell
8.3 Animal cell
8.4 Cell envelope
8.5 Cell membrane
8.6 Cell wall
8.7 Cell organelles – structure and function
8.8 Endomembrane system
8.8.1 Endoplasmic reticulum
8.8.2 Golgi bodies
8.8.3 Lysosomes
8.8.4 Vacuoles
8.8.5 Mitochondria
8.8.6 Ribosomes
8.8.7 Plastids
8.8.8 Microbodies
8.8.9 Cytoskeleton
8.8.10 Cilia
8.8.11 Flagella
8.8.12 Centrioles
8.8.13 Nucleus
Chapter-9: Biomolecules
9.1 Chemical constituents of living cells
9.1.1 Biomolecules
9.1.2 Structure and function of proteins
9.1.3 Carbohydrates
9.1.4 Lipids
9.1.5 Nucleic acids
9.2 Enzymes- types, properties, enzyme action
Chapter-10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division
10.1 Cell cycle
10.1.1 Mitosis and their significance
10.1.2 Meiosis and their significance
Unit-IV Plant Physiology
Chapter-11: Transport in Plants
11.1 Movement of water, gases and nutrients
11.2 Cell to cell transport
11.2.1 Diffusion
11.2.2 Facilitated diffusion
11.2.3 Active transport
11.3 Plant-water relations
11.3.1 Imbibition
11.3.2 Water potential
11.3.3 Osmosis
11.3.4 Plasmolysis
11.4 Long-distance transport of water
11.4.1 Absorption
11.4.2 Apoplast
11.4.3 Symplast
11.4.4 Transpiration pull
11.4.5 Root pressure
11.4.6 Guttation
11.5 Transpiration
11.5.1 Opening and closing of stomata
11.6 Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients
11.6.1 Transport of food
11.6.2 Phloem transport
11.6.3 Mass flow hypothesis
Chapter-12: Mineral Nutrition
12.1 Essential minerals
12.1.1 Macro and micronutrients and their role
12.2 Deficiency symptoms
12.3 Mineral toxicity
12.4 Elementary idea of hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition
12.5 Nitrogen Metabolism
12.5.1 Nitrogen cycle
12.5.2 Biological nitrogen fixation
Chapter-13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
13.1 Photosynthesis as a means of autotrophic nutrition
13.2 Site of photosynthesis
13.2.1 Pigments involved in photosynthesis
13.3 Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis
13.4 Cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation
13.5 Chemiosmotic hypothesis
13.6 Photorespiration
13.7 C3 and C4 pathways
13.8 Factors affecting photosynthesis
Chapter-14: Respiration in Plants
14.1 Exchange of gases
14.2 Cellular respiration
14.2.1 Glycolysis
14.2.2 Fermentation
14.2.3 TCA cycle
14.2.4 Electron transport system
14.3 Energy relations – number of ATP molecules generated
14.4 Amphibolic pathways
14.5 Respiratory quotient
Chapter-15: Plant – Growth and Development
15.1 Seed germination
15.2 Phases of plant growth and plant growth rate and conditions of growth
15.3 Differentiation – Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation
15.4 Sequence of developmental processes in a plant cell
15.5 Growth regulators
15.5.1 Auxin
15.5.2 Gibberellin
15.5.3 Cytokinin
15.5.4 Ethylene
15.5.5 ABA
15.6 Seed dormancy
15.7 Photoperiodism and Vernalisation
Unit-V Human Physiology
Chapter-16: Digestion and Absorption
16.1 Alimentary canal and digestive glands
16.1.1 Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones
16.2 Peristalsis
16.2.1 Digestion absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats
16.3 Calorific values of proteins, carbohydrates and fats
16.4 Egestion
16.5 Nutritional and digestive disorders
16.5.1 PEM
16.5.2 Indigestion
16.5.3 Constipation
16.5.4 Vomiting
16.5.5 Jaundice
16.5.6 Diarrhoea
Chapter-17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases
17.1 Respiratory organs in animals
17.2 Respiratory system in humans
17.3 Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans
17.3.1 Exchange of gases
17.3.2 Transport of gases and regulation of respiration
17.3.3 Respiratory volume
17.4 Disorders related to respiration
17.4.1 Asthma
17.4.2 Emphysema
17.4.3 Occupational respiratory disorders.
Chapter-18: Body Fluids and Circulation
18.1 Composition of blood
18.1.1 Blood groups
18.1.2 Coagulation of blood
18.2 Composition of lymph and its function
18.3.Human circulatory system
18.3.1 Structure of the human heart and blood vessels
18.3.2 Cardiac cycle
18.3.3 Cardiac output
18.3.4 ECG
18.4 Double circulation
18.5 Regulation of cardiac activity
18.6 Disorders of the circulatory system
18.6.1 Hypertension
18.6.2 Coronary artery disease
18.6.3 Angina pectoris
18.6.4 Heart failure
Chapter-19: Excretory Products and their Elimination
19.1 Modes of excretion
19.1.1 Ammonotelism
19.1.2 Ureotelism
19.1.3 Uricotelism
19.2 Human excretory system -Structure and function
19.2.1 Urine formation and Osmoregulation
19.3 Regulation of kidney function
19.3.1 Renin-angiotensin
19.3.2 Atrial natriuretic factor
19.3.3 ADH
19.3.4 Diabetes insipidus
19.4 Role of other organs in excretion
19.5 Disorders of the excretory system
19.5.1 Uremia
19.5.2 Renal failure
19.5.3 Renal calculi
19.5.4 Nephritis
19.6 Dialysis and artificial kidney
19.6.1 Kidney transplant
Chapter-20: Locomotion and Movement
20.1 Types of movement
20.1.1 Ciliary
20.1.2 Flagellar
20.1.3 Muscular
20.2 Skeletal muscle
20.2.1 Contractile proteins and Muscle contraction
20.3 Skeletal system and its functions
20.4 Joints
20.5 Disorders of muscular and skeletal systems
20.5.1 Myasthenia gravis
20.5.2 Tetany
20.5.3 Muscular dystrophy
20.5.4 Arthritis
20.5.5 Osteoporosis
20.5.6 Gout
Chapter-21: Neural Control and Coordination
21.1 Neuron and nerves
21.2 Nervous system in humans
21.2.1 Central nervous system
21.2.2 Peripheral nervous system
21.2.3 Visceral nervous system
21.3 Generation and conduction of nerve impulse
21.4 Reflex action
21.5 Sensory perception
21.6 Sense organs
21.7 Elementary structure and functions of eye and ear
Chapter-22: Chemical Coordination and Integration
22.1 Endocrine glands and hormones
22.2 Human endocrine system
22.2.1 Hypothalamus
22.2.2 Pituitary
22.2.3 Pineal
22.2.4 Thyroid
22.2.5 Parathyroid
22.2.6 Adrenal
22.2.7 Pancreas
22.2.8 Gonads
22.3 Mechanism of hormone action
22.4 Role of hormones as messengers and regulators
22.5 Hypo and hyperactivity and related disorders
22.6 Dwarfism
22.6.1 Acromegaly
22.6.2 Cretinism
22.6.3 Goiter
22.6.4 Exophthalmic goitre
22.6.5 Diabetes
22.6.6 Addison’s disease.